Material sciences

The traditional group of materials includes ceramics, metals and polymers. The development of sciences and engineering leading to new way of classifying of materials, such as biomaterials, composite materials, nanomaterials, semiconductors,  metals, alloys, superconductors, ceramics and polymers. 

Material scientist study the relationship between structure and properties of materials, how the materials are made, how to improve the materials, way to manufacture them...

Nowadays, our society depends heavily on materials which have been used in transportation, communication, information technology, photovoltaic energy generation, nuclear fusion energy. Especially, nano materials and nanotechnology are considered as a breakthrough in material science, where it enable us to create very small machine at molecular level, basic unit to develop quantum computer. We need materials to replace the human organs as well (implants, tissues, ...) as other types of medical applications (sensor, drug delivery ...).

The scope of materials science is very vast, it is multidisciplinary domain, encompasses physics, chemistry, biology and engineering. 

Pioneer in Surface science and some techniques

Surface science is a very large field, which included many subfield ... who working in surface science are multidisciplinary, and need to understand the basic science (in physics, chemistry or biology). There are many famous scientists devote their time and effort to advance our knowledge in surface science, the most important of them are:
Paul Sabatier in Hydrogenation
Fritz Haber in Haber process (a main industrial route to produce ammonia)
Ivring Langmuir (he worked in different subjects related to surface chemistry ... )
Gerthard Ertl  (who studied the adsorption of hydrogen atom on surface of palladium at molecular level)

There are many techniques have been widely used in surface science. The most advanced of them are low energy electron diffraction (LEED), ultra high vacuum chamber (UHV), sum frequency generation (SFG) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Apart from that, vibrational spectroscopy (IR and Raman), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and mass spectroscopy (MS) are essential to understand the surface chemistry and the composition of interested materials.

Generally, there are two challenges that surface scientists must overcome are the pressure gap and the materials gap. Those gaps reflect the differences in condition of experiment in laboratory and that of reality. Surface scientists need to bridge those gaps, and make the experiments closer to the real condition in terms of pressure (at normal pressure or high pressure) and in terms of materials (nanomaterials in the order of 1-10nm).

Change is constant

Heraclitus (c. 535 - c. 475 BCE)
The only constant in the universe is change.
No man ever steps in the same river twice.

Surface sciences

Surface sciences is the first field I have been thinking about long time ago. I will invest more time to learn about it. However, sciences are linked to each other, you therefore can not learn this not that, thus all must be combined together.
I hope everything will be good.
Let's start from now, learn sciences for fun and for life.