Natural selection

According to Darwin's theory on the evolution of species, natural selection is a process in which only the most adapted species survive and develop. This idea was also mentioned by Hertbert Spencer via phrase "survival of the fittest". Species adapt to the condition of environment, survive, reproduce, propagate.

The process of natural selection can be understood through some basic principle: competition and co-operation to survive.

Does human species follow this process? If so, every individual, group, nation must compete and co-operate to survive.

How about the weak people, will they disappear? Does natural selection process contradict with moral standard of human society? What is the paradox !

What are important things for us to do for the survival of the whole human species?

Absolute zero temperature (0 K)

Hot or cold is normal expression of temperature. We use different scales to measure temperature such as Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (F) or Kelvin (K). In science, K is the most populous. Zero K is equivalent with -273.15 °C.

Scientifically, temperature is the a way to decribe the vibration extent of particles (molecules, atoms, ...). The frequency of vibration is proportional to temperature. It is said that at zero K the vibration is ceased. Nevertheless, this confirmation is not certain and there are no proof because scientist can not reach zero K in the laboratory. MIT Scientist reached nanokelvin (http://newsoffice.mit.edu/2003/cooling) for atoms. To attain this ultralow temperature, Scientists used "gravito-magnetic trap" to trap the atoms by the effect of gravitation forces and magnetic forces.

At low temperature, atom moves slowly (1 inch in 30 seconds). At room temperature, the atom move faster at jet airplane speed.

Can we get zero K to know if the movement of atom is ceased ? 

Motivation of actions

What is the motivation of the actions that we do every day?

To answer this question, there are several models to explain the phenomenon. Some get high credit such as that of Maslow. This author categorize the motivation according to the pyramic needs from the lowest to the highest: physiology, safety, social relations, social status and sert-acctualization. Another model that is quite popular in human resource management is ERG theory. ERG abbreviated for existence, relatedness and growth.

In spite of the effort, we rarely understand the nature of the motivation of all action. At basic level, all actions must facilitate the existence of human species. Other actions, in my opinion, just a mode of life drived by life style in moderned world. The younger generation copies and modifies a bit from the precedent generation. It is alike with the accumulation of human culture.

Human body (multicellular organization) function based on the exchange of matter (a form of energy) with surrounding environment. However, why it function as it does, we do not know. For example, why the cell divides to multiply itself? The human body is a mystery!

Make life simpler?

Albert Einstein said "make everying as simple as possible but not simpler."

This great idea is aslo mentioned by Laozi, in Budddhist philosophy and may be inspired from the life of Jesus Christ.

In my personal experience, this idea or principle can apply to write scientific articles. I find that if I can write simply and give enough information in the article, which is the best.


Simple life must be wonderful. Nevertheless, I am in doubt that we can do this in the age of technology. For example: internet, mobile phone and money . Some others love fame, power. How addictive they are !!!

Why do electrons move?

One can ask why the electrons move surrounding the nucleus?
Well, I think nobody can answer this question completely. At this moment, you can say, wow God makes the electrons moved.
Well, I agree with you until someone else meets God and ask him if he does?
Or scientists find a fingerprint of God on the electron.

Nature is weird, we try to understand as much as we can.

Biomaterials

Human life is limited, one rarely lives longer than 100 year old. It is difficult or seem impossible for us to overcome this reality. Although, we have tried hard to improve our health by many ways but the human body, a biological system does not work well when it gets aged. The organs and tissues deteriorate day by day. Until they can not function properly and the death comes...

Nowaday, medicine develops at high level and it opens various strategy to treat human diseases. Among them is realized through tissue engineering. We are going to produce and replace the old organ, old tissue by the new. Who knows that one day we can fabricate completely a human body except the brain. Then, life expectancy of human species can change, that must be the breakthrough in our age of science-based society.

I am about going to this lifepath: biomaterials, the field studies materials for health and ideas generated in this field are generally inspired from nature. To build the career in this field, one needs know-how in physic, chemistry, biology, medicine and engineering.

Do what I can and see !

Nanoparticle research

Nanoparticle research is a very interesting field of science. The relationship between  structure and properties of materials is really fascinating, which has attracted much attention froom scientist from different discipline (material science, physics and chemistry). The magic things of nanoparticles is that its properties at nanoscale size is significantly different from its bulky counterparts. For example, titania (TiO2), at nanoscale (<30 nm), it is transparent and scatter UV light resulting in its popularity in cosmetic application. Research also found that CdS crystallites in the size range of a few nanometers does not exhibit the optical spectra of its bulk counterparts. Nowadays, the application of nanoparticles in society is so diverse, such as carbon black (20-50 nm) has been used mainly to reinforce rubber (for car tires), amorphous silica as a food additive E551, ZnO and TiO2 in cosmetic, nanoparticles in paint for car … Interestingly, the application of nanoparticles were started dated back to ancien time, for instant metal nanoparticles were used as color pigments in luster and glass technology, the usage of silver or copper nanoparticles in the outermost layer of the glaze, gold nanoparticles were used to introduce the red color to glass, in ruby glass (Lycurgus Cup in the British Museum). Excitingly, this cup appears with green color in daylight and change to red color when it was illuminated from insight the cup.

The systematic study of nanoparticles started by research of Michael Faraday (approximately 150 years ago) on the interaction of light with metal nanoparticles.

Because the foundation of nanoparticle research is based on the size-dependent properties of nanomaterials. The studies of nanoparticles link to the synthesis, the controlling of its size, shape , chemical composition and the assembly of nanoparticles. These jobs do not necessarily require to create new materials with totally new composition.

Application potential of nanoparticles is extremely vast, however, the way for nanoparticle to go from laboratory to commerce take very long time.